Analysis of inner deposits at diesel injectors
It is expected that inner deposits in diesel injectors occur much more frequently in the next years. This will lead to an increase of the number of injector malfunctions. Higher injection pressures (above 2.500 bar) in combination with high-precision components such as injectors, manufactured with smaller openings combined with high temperatures in the injectors, also affect the fuels. To examine the effects of inner deposit formations (Internal Diesel Injector Deposits, IDID) in a structured way, the Institute of Energy Process Engineering and Chemical Engineering of the TU Bergakademie Freiberg as well as the Oel-Waerme-Institute carry out a research project.
The present project uses the matured non-motor injector test stand developed in the project ENIAK “Development of a non-motor injector coking test stand for alternative fuels” which shall be further developed to a fast, repeatable, reliable and not least cost-effective test method for fuels and additives. The test stand is a realistic reproduction of a fuel line- and injection system for common-rail-diesel vehicles. By that, individual influences such as the temperature of the injector needle, the injection volume, -frequency and -pressure, are determined. To efficiently minimize the number of required individual tests for determination of the various influences Design of Experiment (DoE) is applied. Additionally, a complete model is developed and validated, which includes different types of deposits of IDID and its formation mechanisms.
The research results could contribute to an introduction of the developed non-engine test procedure to complement the no-harm requirement tests for fuel additives as a testing criterion for the formation of deposits in injector systems for diesel fuels under different technical circumstances. The research results shall create a basis for the construction of new fuel-carrying components for alternative injection systems. Finally, the gained knowledge can be directly used for the development and improvement of additives, fuels, injector diagnostic devices and cleaning liquid for injectors.
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