Storing hydrogen safely: Fraunhofer IWM evaluates materials for tubular storage systems
Hydrogen has an important role to play in the energy transition. Science and industry are currently working on storage and transport systems for hydrogen. The basis for this is to precisely describe and assess the behavior of metallic materials, especially steels, when they are in contact with hydrogen. As part of the BMBF lead project H2Mare, the Fraunhofer IWM will develop and evaluate criteria for assessing materials and components for so-called tubular storage systems in the joint project H2Wind. The findings will contribute to the accident-proof and durable operation of a real storage infrastructure for hydrogen.
To store hydrogen safely, materials such as steel must be able to consistently withstand the long-term effects of hydrogen. Above all, weld seams, which have a different structure to the base material, must not show any increased susceptibility to damage when in contact with hydrogen. The storage systems must be able to operate safely and reliably under mechanical, thermal, chemical and electromagnetic loads. To prevent uncontrolled material damage, it is important to evaluate materials and components with a view to accident safety and durability. "Our research and development work in our hydrogen laboratory aims to describe interactions of atomic or molecular hydrogen in contact with materials using experimental methods and theoretical models," explains Prof. Dr. Christian Elsässer, Scientific Coordinator for Future Topics at Fraunhofer IWM. "This enables us to provide a detailed mechanistic description of damage processes, a reliable evaluation of material and component behavior, and the derivation of design guidelines and lifetime predictions for components."
The Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials IWM receives funding of around 800,000 euros from the BMBF. "Building on our diverse experience and know-how, we can thus make an important contribution to a safe hydrogen infrastructure," says Prof. Dr. Christian Elsässer.
Uniting knowledge
Together with seven expert partners from research and industry, the Fraunhofer IWM will spend the next four years focusing on high-performance and reliable materials in contact with hydrogen for sustainable and safe offshore hydrogen production.
The H2Mare flagship project aims to establish a whole new type of turbine at sea in the future – a solution which optimally integrates an electrolyzer into an offshore wind turbine for direct conversion of the electricity. In addition, the project will also investigate further offshore power-to-X processes. A total of 35 partners and 2 associated partners are involved in H2Mare. The BMBF is funding the project from 01.04.2021 to 31.03.2025 with over 100 million euros.
H2Mare is one of three flagship projects being conducted by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, which is supporting Germany’s entry into the hydrogen economy with its largest initiative regarding the energy transition to date. The three hydrogen flagship projects H2Giga, H2Mare, and TransHyDE are the result of an ideas competition and represent a central contribution on the part of the BMBF to the implementation of the National Hydrogen Strategy.
They are intended to remove existing hurdles impeding Germany’s entry into a hydrogen economy over the next four years. The goals of the projects are the serial production of large-scale water electrolyzers (H2Giga), the production of hydrogen and downstream products at sea (H2Mare), and the development of technologies for the transport of hydrogen (TransHyDE).
About the Hydrogen flagship projects
More than 240 partners from science and industry are working together on the three hydrogen flagship projects, which were launched on the basis of non-binding funding promises in the spring. In total, the funding will amount up to €740 million.
Wissenschaftlicher Ansprechpartner:
Prof. Dr. Christian Elsässer
Phone +49 761 5142-286
christian.elsaesser@iwm.fraunhofer.de
Weitere Informationen:
https://www.iwm.fraunhofer.de/en/why-fraunhofer-iwm/product-life-cycle-solutions/hydrogen.html Hydrogen research at the Fraunhofer IWM
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